Hematite

Hematite is an opaque mineral with a characteristic dark gray or black metallic color, often with reddish hues. Composed mainly of iron oxide (Fe2O3), it forms in sedimentary environments or through hydrothermal processes. Historically, it has been used since antiquity as a red pigment (red ochre) and for mirror production, thanks to its reflective surface when polished. Its weak magnetic properties have made it a symbol of strength and endurance in many cultures.